According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), ciprofloxacin (500 mg, orally, two times a day for 60 days) is the antibiotic of choice for initial prophylactic therapy among asymptomatic pregnant women exposed to Bacillus anthracis. Amoxicillin does not have an approved indication for anthrax prophylaxis or treatment, however, the CDC recommends in instances where the specific B. anthracis strain has been shown to be penicillin-sensitive, prophylactic therapy with amoxicillin (500 mg, orally, three times a day for 60 days) may be considered.
While there are no controlled studies of amoxicillin use in pregnant women to show safety, an expert review of published data on experiences with amoxicillin use during pregnancy by TERIS - the Teratogen Information System - concluded that therapeutic doses during pregnancy are unlikely to pose a substantial teratogenic risk (quantity and quality of data = fair), but the data are insufficient to state that there is no risk. There are no human data available to assess the effects of long-term therapy in pregnant women such as that proposed for treatment of anthrax exposure. Amoxicillin is excreted into breast milk but is considered as "usually compatible with breastfeeding" by the American Academy of Pediatrics.
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